Disadvantages/Demerits of DBMS:-

• High cost for implementing DBMS.
• May involve more expensive hardware
• Specific programming skills
• Database file conversion
• Slower processing of less critical applications
• Increased vulnerability as resources are centralized
• More sophisticated recovery required when concurrent updates allowed.

DBMS is  a collection of programs that enable user to define, create and maintain the database and provide controlled access to the database.